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2012年5月17日星期四

The correlation even held for people who mostly drank decaf brew

Researchers have some reassuring news for the legions of coffee drinkers who can't get through the day without a latte, cappuccino, iced mocha, double-shot of espresso or www.designerburberyoutlet.com a plain old cuppa joe: That coffee habit may help you live longer. A new study that tracked the health and coffee consumption of more than 400,000 older adults for nearly 14 years found that java drinkers were less likely to die during the study than their counterparts who eschewed the brew. In fact, men and women who averaged four or five cups of coffee per day had the lowest risk of death, according to a report in Thursday's edition of the New England Journal of Medicine. The research doesn't prove that coffee deserves the credit for helping people live longer. But it is the largest analysis to date to suggest that the beverage's reputation for being a liquid vice may be undeserved. "There's been concerns for a long time that coffee might be a risky behavior," said study leader Neal Freedman, an epidemiologist with the National Cancer Institute who drinks coffee "here and there." "The results offer some reassurance that it's not a risk factor for future disease." Coffee originated in Ethiopia more than 500 years ago. As it spread through the Middle East, Europe and the Americas, its popularity was tempered by concerns about its supposed ill effects. A 1674 petition by aggrieved women in London complained that coffee left men impotent, "with nothing moist but their snotty noses, nothing stiff but their joints, nor standing but their ears," according to the book "Uncommon Grounds: The History of Coffee and How It Transformed Our World." In more modern times, the caffeinated beverage has been seen as "a stimulating substance, a commonly consumed drug," said Rob van Dam, an epidemiologist at the Burberry handbags outlet, cheap burberry bags on sale, 60% off National University of Singapore who has investigated the drink's health effects but was not involved in the latest study. "People get somewhat dependent on it," Van Dam said. "If you try to rapidly reduce coffee consumption, you get headaches or other symptoms." The National Coffee Assn. estimates that 64% of American adults drink coffee on a daily basis, with the average drinker consuming 3.2 cups each day. To get a deeper understanding of the risks and benefits of all that joe, the National Cancer Institute researchers turned to data on 402,260 adults who were between the ages of 50 and 71 when they joined the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study in 1995 and 1996. The volunteers were followed through December 2008 or until they died — whichever came first. When the team first crunched the numbers, coffee seemed to have a detrimental effect on longevity. But people who drink coffee are more likely to smoke, and when the scientists took that into account (along with other demographic factors), the opposite appeared to be true. Compared with men who didn't drink any coffee at all, those who drank just one cup per day had a 6% lower risk of death during the course of the study; those who drank two to three cups per day had a 10% lower risk, and those who had four to five cups had a 12% lower risk. For men who drank louis vuitton shoes women six cups or more, the apparent benefit waned slightly, with a 10% lower risk of death during the study compared with men who drank no coffee. The relationship between coffee and risk of death was even more dramatic in women. Those who drank one cup per day had 5% lower odds of dying during the study compared with women who drank none. Those who consumed two or three cups a day were 13% less likely to die, those who downed four or five cups were 16% less likely to die, and those who drank six or more cups had a 15% lower mortality rate. The effect held across a number of causes of death — including heart disease, respiratory disease, stroke and diabetes — but not cancer, the researchers found. And the link was stronger in coffee drinkers who had never smoked. The correlation even held for people who mostly drank decaf brew, the researchers found. "If these are real biological effects, they seem to [have] to do with the substances in coffee that are not caffeine," Van Dam said. Other compounds in the coffee could be linked to the lower death rates, he said — or there could be no causal relationship at all. And, Van Dam added, the researchers didn't make distinctions between different types of drinks. Unfiltered brews like Turkish coffee or Scandinavian boiled coffee have been shown to raise cholesterol and could present very different results from the current study if examined separately, he said. To prove that coffee deserves the credit, researchers louis vuitton t-shirts 2012 could study each of the 1,000-odd compounds in the brew and test them on subjects over time to see if they reduced inflammation, improved the body's sensitivity to insulin or caused any other useful biological effects, he said.

2012年5月16日星期三

This open seat has taken a backseat in prominence to other states' races

Nebraska state Sen. Deb Fischer won the Republican nomination for an open U.S. Senate seat on Tuesday, official results showed, beating two better-funded candidacies louis vuitton shoes women for the opportunity to face off against a former U.S. Senator for the open seat in November. Fischer's upset toppled state Attorney General John Bruning, seen as the establishment candidate, and state Treasurer Don Stenberg, seen as the tea party favorite. The senate race in Nebraska was the most closely watched contest on Tuesday, when GOP voters there and in Oregon cast ballots in the presidential race. Presumptive Republican nominee Mitt Romney was projected to win the presidential tally in Nebraska, standing at 71% with all precincts reporting, according to the Secretary of State website. In Oregon, he was ahead with 72% of the vote out of 100% of precincts tallied. Former Sen. Rick Santorum of Pennsylvania had approximately 14% of the Nebraska vote, several weeks after he suspending his White House bid. Texas Rep. Ron Paul had approximately 12% in the Oregon contest, held days after he announced that he would no longer actively campaign for the GOP nod. In the Nebraska senate race, Brunning and Stenberg, along with their allies, spent millions against each other, while Fischer picked up late endorsements from former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin and one-time GOP presidential hopeful Herman Cain. She now goes head-to-head against former U.S. Sen. Bob Kerrey, who represented the state from 1988-2000, then chose not to seek reelection. The retirement of Sen. Ben Nelson, a Democrat, lv suits for men left an open seat and political trends there have led to independent handicappers favoring a Republican win come November. Fischer sailed relatively under the radar as Bruning and Stenberg waged war against each other and Kerry, who was presumed as the Democratic nominee, faced Republican challenges to his residency in Nebraska. After stepping down from the Senate in 2001, Kerrey lived and worked in New York. The majority of tea party-aligned individuals and groups split between Fischer's two rivals. Bruning received the support of Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee, former Sen. Rick Santorum of Pennsylvania, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, and the Tea Party Express. "The federal government spends too much, taxes too much, regulates too much, and listens too little," he posted on his website. Stenberg -- hardly a political outsider -- was waging his fourth campaign for the U.S. Senate, and he won the party's nomination once. That was the year 2000, and he eventually lost the general election to Nelson. He was backed this cycle by the PAC behind the tea party, FreedomWorks, as well as Sen. Jim DeMint of South Carolina and the Club for Growth. Long before GOP voters chose their nominee on Tuesday, two prominent and independent political handicappers rated the race as leaning towards the eventual Republican nominee. Reliable polling in the state has been scarce, but watchers of the race perceived Fischer as closing a gap between her and Bruning in the final days. The Cook Political Report lists the race as "likely" a Republican pickup -- which falls between "solid" and "lean" -- while the Rothenberg Political Report calls it "Republican favored," one step below a safe seat but three steps above a toss-up. A win in Nebraska would help Republicans wrestle a simple majority in the U.S. Senate from Democrats, a feat the GOP is four seats away from achieving. Democrats, meanwhile, are defending or facing a retirement in 23 of the 33 Senate seats up for election this year. And of the 10 open seats, seven are held by Democrats and three by Republicans. While the GOP candidates exchanged elbows through a series of television advertisements, they found time to beat up on Kerrey and were joined by national operations, such as the American Crossroads committee founded by Karl Rove. Within days of Kerrey's decision to enter the race -- he initially said he would not run, then two weeks later, announced he would -- Bruning was on the air with an ad questioning the former senator's residency and the influence of the former Cornhusker senator's time in New York. Kerrey is a "New York liberal," Bruning's ad went, while American Crossroads said, "A decade in Greenwich Village changed Bob Kerrey." The group also seized on his reluctance to enter cheap burberry bags the race, claiming in a radio ad that Kerry "cut his own secret deal with Democratic leaders in Washington, a deal so secret Kerrey won't talk about what promises were made." The state Republican Party even filed an official challenge of his residency with the Secretary of State's office. Kerrey's campaign manager, Paul Johnson, told CNN in March that the residency attacks were "insulting to Nebraskans" and that Bob is "a fiscal conservative" concerned with national debt and budget deficit. Other attacks have sought to tie Kerrey to outgoing Nelson -- who provided the 60th vote for Democrats to pass the health care overhaul. He agreed to support the bill after negotiating a compromise, which came to be known as the "Cornhusker Kickback." It would have modified federal abortion funding regulations and saved the state approximately $100 million on Medicare costs over a decade. As Republicans at home and nationwide protested, he had the provision removed, and said he did not wish his state to have an advantage over other states. Like others in the upper chamber who are retiring willingly or unwillingly this year, Nelson is known for casting votes with both sides of the aisle. This open seat has taken a backseat in prominence to other states' races, such as last week's primary defeat of Republican incumbent Sen. Richard Lugar in Indiana. But Nebraska has a front seat to an issue splitting the two parties this year. The controversial Keystone XL oil pipeline, generally favored by Republicans and opposed by Democrats, was to stretch from Canadian oil sands to the Gulf Coast, bisecting Nebraska. But environmentalists worried about polluting the Ogallala Aquifer, which supplies most of the state with drinking water. Nelson, the outgoing senator, easily won a second term in 2006, but as it became clear that Republicans considered his seat in play this cycle, Nelson made a December announcement that he would not seek a third term. "Simply put: It is time to move on," Nelson said burberry handbags cheap at the time. Nebraska is expected to be anything but tranquil as the race between Fischer and Kerrey heats up this summer. Don Walton, a political writer with the Lincoln Journal Star, had a simple warning in his pre-election Sunday column: "buckle up."